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Precious stones
 
    Diamond
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Semi-precious stones
 
Technical information
 
History of the stones
Diamond
Characteristics :
Crystal structure : Cubic Composition : Carbon
Specific gravity : 3.52 Hardness : 10
Refractive index : 2.42 Birefringence : none
Cut : Round  Oval  Cushion  Pear  Marquise

The evaluation of a diamond takes place according to four criteria, which one has habit to call the 4C:

History :
Diamond takes from Greek “adamas” meaning “untameable”.

The most famous diamonds are:

Name
Place
Weight (cts)
Cut
Color
Cullinan I "Star of Africa"
 Sceptre f Edouard VII in London Tower
530.2
Pear
 
Cullinan II Imperial crown in London Tower
317.4
Cushion
  
Cullinan IV Crown of Mary in London Tower
 
Marchioness
 
Koh-i-noor Crown of Elisabeth in London Tower
108.93
Oval
 
Sancy Museum of the Louvre
55
Pear
 
Régent Museum of the Louvre
140.5
Cushion
Bluish
Orloff The Kremlin
189.62
Half-egg
Pale yellow
Hope Smithsonian Institut in New-York
45.5
 
Blue
South Star Private collection in Bombay (?)
128.8
Oval
 
Dresde Palate of Dresden (crown of Saxony)
41
Pear
Green
Tiffany Tiffany company in New York
128.51
Cushion
Yellow
Shah The Kremlin
88.7
Polished
Yellowish
Florentin ?
137.27
 
Yellow

Deposits :
The countries having deposits are :
Country
Quantity
Quality
Comment
South Africa Important    
Namibia Important    
Sibéria Important    
Australia Important